New plan to curb global warming threatens the battle between rich and poor countries and could be difficult to start negotiations on their dispute over the fate of the difficulties of the Kyoto Protocol.
1997 Kyoto Protocol only covers emissions from rich countries, which produce less than a third of the carbon pollution of humanity and its first phase expires in 2012. Poor countries want it extended while many rich countries, indicates a wider alliance is necessary to include all major emitters.
Australia and Norway offered to negotiate a new agreement but said it is unrealistic to expect to be ready in 2013. They set a deadline two years later, in 2015.
"It's the only way forward. There is no other means fail, "said a senior climate negotiator from a developed country on Australia-Norway proposal which declined to be named because of the sensitivity of the negotiations.
Developing countries insist Kyoto be extended to force the rich to carbon reductions harder and strongly oppose any attempt to deal aside online global climate, which means in terms of Australia and Norway facing a difficult period.
The lack of agreement on a new climate agreement is not to bring the people's commitment to a voluntary act, which are not likely to slow climate change, threatening more extreme droughts, floods, storms and crop failures. It would also undermine efforts to introduce policies for the promotion of difficult fuels and green energy.
The proposal provides for large economies quickly to strengthen measures to limit emissions suitable way to harmonize the activities and the system to compare and see what others are doing.
Marathon UN negotiations on climate run by not complying with a 2009 deadline to agree a new contract to begin in 2013 and a major conference in Durban, South Africa in two months is under pressure to initiate a process to negotiate a new treaty.
Wild Weather
As negotiators haggle, the data shows the world is warming, and emissions, particularly by the major developing nations continue to grow to burn more coal, oil and gas.
Scientists say that the floods similar to those that millions of people homeless in Pakistan last year and devastated parts of Australia, may be more frequent, hurricanes in the Atlantic and more intense wildfires.
The U.S. has linked its annual record of climatic disasters billion cumulative tab and floods, tornadoes and heat waves this year reached U.S. $ 35 billion, the National Weather Service said the mid-August.
This does not include the billions of losses and disaster relief for Hurricane Irene, which struck in late August.
All this lays emphasis on the edges of the emission of the largest economies in the world and the fact that this is not enough. When Kyoto was adopted, emissions from the poorest countries were much smaller. Now, they overshadow the rich countries.
At least, the negotiations have to restore confidence that the country can do more to fight global warming.
"We must get away from this annual cycle What we are going to achieve a more realistic timeline when we can reach a new agreement. My feeling is that none of the negotiators do not agree. It 'clear," said senior delegate.
Australia, Norway, the proposal should focus on the interviews conducted by the United Nations climate in Panama this week, the last round before the Durban conference.
'Recipe for inaction "
The European Union said it strongly supported the bid.
"He tries to continue the international climate negotiations in the coming years, to see how we can build a broader climate regime," Artur Runge-Metzger, climate negotiator of the European Union chief, told Reuters. "We believe that this seems to be a realistic timetable."
He said it was crucial for the Durban meeting agreed to build a new climate framework for all countries, with particular reference to the United States and major developing economies.
China produces about one quarter of the pollution of human greenhouse gas emissions, and is the largest emitter. While the government is taking steps such as promoting energy efficiency and vehicle fuel standards, they are volunteers.
The proposal demonstrates the division for poor countries.
Nothing more than the nations most vulnerable to climate change, such as low islands are still facing rising sea levels, floods, and shrinking supplies of fresh water. They want to act more quickly and feel great polluters, Kyoto is the way to go.
"The action of late real basis in the fight against climate change and vulnerable countries will not like it," said Ian Fry, lead climate negotiator for the Pacific island nation of Tuvalu, told Reuters, adding: " . It is a gift to America "
India polluter on the planet third carbon, also dug in his heels on the proposal.
"This plan takes the focus away from Kyoto and negotiate redraws paradigms. Why developing countries agree? "Said an Indian official with knowledge of global negotiations, who spoke on condition of anonymity.
The United States, the biggest polluter of the world's second, never ratified Kyoto, saying the pact is flawed because it does not commit the major developing economies to meet emissions curbs legally binding.
The proposal, however, investors in clean energy generation, carbon-offset projects and greener buildings.
"Everything that moves the world toward a more unified action increases the level of investor confidence," said Geoff Rousel, global head of commodities, coal and energy for Westpac Institutional Bank in Sydney.
"Therefore, if the plan is accepted, it would be more likely to have more confidence in capital investment in energy efficiency and emission reduction," he said.
The United States remains cautious.
"A legal agreement is to apply the same legal force to at least the large developing countries, which means that China, India, Brazil and so on," said the chief U.S. envoy Todd Stern climate in recent comments to the media. And it meant not "escape hatches" or conditions for the fulfillment of these obligations, he said.
(Additional reporting by Gerard Wynn in London, Krittivas Mukherjee in New Delhi and Tim Gardner in Washington, edited by Raju Gopalakrishnan)
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